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Behavioral Euthanasia

Behavioral Euthanasia Resources



General BE Resources

Losing Lulu (website)

Losing Lulu (Facebook Group) Behavioral Euthanasia grief support group

Harsh Truths and Difficult Choices

No, It’s Not All How They’re Raised

Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center Behavioral Euthanasia Guide

Behavioral Euthanasia: Forgiving Yourself for Not Walking on Water

When Love Means Letting Go (Podcast Episode)

When Should an Aggressive Dog Be Euthanized?


Shelter-Specific Resources

https://www.aspcapro.org/animal-shelter-pathway-planning

The Perils of Placing Marginal Dogs

When Love Isn’t Enough

Consulting- Trish McMillan, Shelter Behavior Hub

Short Course: Approaching the Hardest Choice

Warehousing Isn’t Working


Behavioral Euthanasia Process and Preparation

On Euthanasia: What to Expect

“Chill” protocol for pre-visit pharmaceuticals

Lap of Love Tips and Tricks for Behavioral Euthanasia Appointments

Alternative routes for pre-euthanasia sedation

Sleeping Beauty; Pre-sedation protocols

The Final Gift: Ensuring a Peaceful Behavioural Euthanasia


Citations and References

Hitchcock, M., Workman, M.K., Guthrie, A.P., Ruple, A., Feuerbacher, E.N. Factors associated with behavioral euthanasia in pet dogs. Frontiers in Veterinary Science (2024). https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1387076


Other citations:

Anderson, K. H., Yao, Y., Perry, P. J., Albright, J. D., & Houpt, K. A. (2022). Case Distribution, Sources, and Breeds of Dogs Presenting to a Veterinary Behavior Clinic in the United States from 1997 to 2017. Animals, 12(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12050576


Bamberger, M., & Houpt, K. A. (2006). Signalment factors, comorbidity, and trends in behavior diagnoses in dogs: 1,644 Cases (1991-2001). In Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association (Vol. 229, Issue 10). https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.229.10.1591


Bennett, P. C., & Rohlf, V. I. (2007). Owner-companion dog interactions: Relationships between demographic variables, potentially problematic behaviours, training engagement and shared activities. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 102(1–2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2006.03.009


Blackshaw, J. K. (1991). An overview of types of aggressive behaviour in dogs and methods of treatment. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 30(3–4). https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(91)90140-S


Borchelt, P. L. (1983). Aggressive behavior of dogs kept as companion animals: Classification and influence of sex, reproductive status and breed. Applied Animal Ethology, 10(1–2). https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3762(83)90111-6


Boyd, C., Jarvis, S., McGreevy, P. D., Heath, S., Church, D. B., Brodbelt, D. C., & O’Neill, D. G. (2018). Mortality resulting from undesirable behaviours in dogs aged under three years attending primary-care veterinary practices in England. Animal Welfare, 27(3). https://doi.org/10.7120/09627286.27.3.251


Buller, K., & Ballantyne, K. C. (2020). Living with and loving a pet with behavioral problems: Pet owners’ experiences. Journal of Veterinary Behavior, 37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2020.04.003


Coe, J. B., Young, I., Lambert, K., Dysart, L., Nogueira Borden, L., & Rajić, A. (2014). A Scoping Review of Published Research on the Relinquishment of Companion Animals. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 17(3). https://doi.org/10.1080/10888705.2014.899910


Col, R., Day, C., & Phillips, C. J. C. (2016). An epidemiological analysis of dog behavior problems presented to an Australian behavior clinic, with associated risk factors. Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research, 15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2016.07.001


Didehban, N., Pourmahdi Borujeni, M., Avizeh, R., & Mosallanejad, B. (2020). Problematic behaviors in companion dogs: A survey of their prevalence and associated factors. Journal of Veterinary Behavior, 39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2020.06.003


Edney, A. T. B. (1998). Reasons for the euthanasia of dogs and cats. Veterinary Record, 143(4). https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.143.4.114


Gorodetsky, E. (1997). Epidemiology of dog and cat euthanasia across Canadian prairie provinces. The Canadian 

Veterinary Journal. La Revue Vétérinaire Canadienne, 38(10).


Grigg, E. K. (2019). Helping Clients Facing Behavior Problems in Their Companion Animals. In Clinician’s Guide to Treating Companion Animal Issues. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-812962-3.00016-2


Grigg, E. K., & Donaldson, T. M. C. (2019). Helping clients cope with grief associated with euthanasia for behavior problems. In Pet Loss, Grief, and Therapeutic Interventions: Practitioners Navigating the Human-Animal Bond. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429505201-15


Guy, N. C., Luescher, U. A., Dohoo, S. E., Spangler, E., Miller, J. B., Dohoo, I. R., & Bate, L. A. (2001a). A case series of biting dogs: Characteristics of the dogs, their behaviour, and their victims. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 74(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(01)00155-1


Guy, N. C., Luescher, U. A., Dohoo, S. E., Spangler, E., Miller, J. B., Dohoo, I. R., & Bate, L. A. (2001b). Demographic and aggressive characteristics of dogs in a general veterinary caseload. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 74(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(01)00153-8


Haug, L. (2011a, November 1). Treat or euthanize? Putting it all together: Prognostic indicators. DVM 360. https://www.dvm360.com/view/treat-or-euthanize-putting-it-all-together-prognostic-indicators


Haug, L. (2011b, October 31). Treat or euthanize? Helping owners make critical decisions regarding pets with behavior problems. DVM 360. https://www.dvm360.com/view/treat-or-euthanize-helping-owners-make-critical-decisions-regarding-pets-with-behavior-problems


Kuntz, K., Ballantyne, K. C., Cousins, E., & Spitznagel, M. B. (2023). Assessment of Caregiver Burden in Owners of Dogs with Behavioral Problems and Factors Related to its Presence. Journal of Veterinary Behavior (64-65), 41-46.


O’Neill, D. G., Church, D. B., McGreevy, P. D., Thomson, P. C., & Brodbelt, D. C. (2013). Longevity and mortality of owned dogs in England. Veterinary Journal, 198(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.09.020


Pegram, C., Gray, C., Packer, R. M. A., Richards, Y., Church, D. B., Brodbelt, D. C., & O’Neill, D. G. (2021). Proportion and risk factors for death by euthanasia in dogs in the UK. Scientific Reports, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88342-0


Pugliese, M., Falcone, A., Alibrandi, A., Zirilli, A., & Passantino, A. (2022). Risk factors regarding dog euthanasia and causes of death at a veterinary teaching hospital in Italy: Preliminary results. Veterinary Sciences, 9(10), 554. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9100554


Reisner, I. R., Erb, H. N., & Houpt, K. A. (1994). Risk factors for behavior-related euthanasia among dominant-aggressive dogs: 110 cases (1989-1992). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 205(6).


Salonen, M., Sulkama, S., Mikkola, S., Puurunen, J., Hakanen, E., Tiira, K., Araujo, C., & Lohi, H. (2020). Prevalence, comorbidity, and breed differences in canine anxiety in 13,700 Finnish pet dogs. Scientific Reports, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-59837-z


Siracusa, C., Provoost, L., & Reisner, I. R. (2017). Dog- and owner-related risk factors for consideration of euthanasia or rehoming before a referral behavioral consultation and for euthanizing or rehoming the dog after the consultation. Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research, 22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2017.09.007


Stead, A. C. (1982). Euthanasia in the dog and cat. Journal of Small Animal Practice, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.1982.tb01633.x


Takeuchi, Y., Ogata, N., Houpt, K. A., & Scarlett, J. M. (2001). Differences in background and outcome of three behavior problems of dogs. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 70(4), 297–308. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(00)00156-8


Yu, Y., Wilson, B., Masters, S., van Rooy, D., & McGreevy, P. D. (2021). Mortality resulting from undesirable behaviours in dogs aged three years under attending primary-care veterinary practices in Australia. Animals, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020493

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